Purealidin A,a new cytotoxic bromotyrosine-derived alkaloid from the Okinawan marine spongePsammaplysilla purea

Summary A new bromotyrosine-derived alkaloid with antileukemic activity, purealidin A (5), has been isolated from the Okinawan marine spongePsammaplysilla purea and its chemical structure elucidated on the basis of the spectroscopic data.     

一类Sierpinski海绵的Hausdorff测度

对每一个ｍ≥１,定义一个Ｓｉｅｒｐｉｎｓｋｉ海绵,它们的Ｈａｕｓｄｏｒｆ维数为１,它们的１－维Ｈａｕｓｄｏｒｆ测度被完全确定．     

Ceramide from the Marine Sponge Phyllospongia sp

从中国南海海绵Ｐｈｙｌｏｓｐｏｎｇｉａｓｐ．中分离得到了一个神经酰胺类化合物Ｐｈｙｌ－ｌｏａｍｉｄｅＡ，它的结构通过波谱方法和化学方法确定．     

Two classes of metabolites fromTheonella swinhoei are localized in distinct populations of bacterial symbionts

The marine spongeTheonella swinhoei (lithistid Family Theonellidae, Order Astrophorida) has yielded many important, bioactive natural products, most of which share structural features with bacterial natural products. The presence of microbial symbionts inT. swinhoei has been reported, and it was originally suggested that the cytotoxic macrolide swinholide A and many of the bioactive cyclic peptides fromT. swinhoei were all produced by symbiotic cyanobacteria. By transmission electron microscopy, we found four distinct cell populations to be consistently present inT. swinhoei: eukaryotic sponge cells, unicellular heterotrophic bacteria, unicellular cyanobacteria and filamentous heterotrophic bacteria. Purification and chemical analyses of each cell type showed the macrolide swinholide A to be limited to the mixed population of unicellular heterotrophic bacteria, and an anti-fungal cyclic peptide occurred only in the filamentous heterotrophic bacteria. Contrary to prior speculation, no major metabolites were located in the cyanobacteria or sponge cells.     

利用贫矿资源生产海绵铁的前景

概述了国内外煤基回转窑生产海绵铁的发展状况，介绍了成熟的ＳＬ－ＲＮ直接还原铁生产工艺，探讨了利用贫矿资源生产海绵铁的发展前景。     

海绵甾类化合物研究──V．海绵Pachychalina sp．中的甾醇化合物

从南海海绵Ｐａｃｈｙｃｈａｌｉｎａｓｐ．中鉴定出具有５种不同甾核的１５个甾醇，５种甾核包括７－烯－甾核，８－烯－甾核，Ａ－降－甾核，５－烯－甾核和４－甲基胆甾烷醇甾核．２个在生物合成中具有重要意义的甾醇、２４－甲基－２５（２６）－去氢－胆甾醇和２４－乙烯基胆甾醇，存在于该海锦中．从该海绵中还同时鉴定出ｓｔｉｇｍａｓｔａ－５，２４（２８）－ｄｉｅｎ－３β－ｏｌ的Ｅ型和Ｚ型异构体．用ＧＣ保留时间和质谱能清晰地区分上述Ｅ型和Ｚ型异构体．从南海海绵中鉴定出７－烯－甾核、８－烯－甾核和４－甲基胆甾烷醇甾核的甾醇，这是首次报导．     

岭南乡村“海绵”措施的宏观归纳分析

以广东省历史文化名村名镇及传统村落为着眼点, 分析并归纳岭南乡村传统海绵措施的类型及特征。首先提取各个村落与海绵措施相关的五大特征信息: 基于Google Earth航拍图, 记录各个村落的聚落形态和水系分布; 基于广东省30 m精度的DEM, 在ArcGIS中提取广东省的地形与河网、各个村落的高程并进行淹没分析; 基于地区降雨水平, 判断村落所在区位的降雨强度。然后, 对特征信息赋予特征编码, 将5个特征编码输入SPSS进行聚类分析, 对174个村子进行分层分类, 归纳每一类的特点和防洪优势, 总结得到岭南乡村常见的借势、缓蓄、利导、强排4种海绵措施。根据研究结果, 对未来岭南地区的防洪建设和设计提出建议。     

卷丹百合鳞片育苗技术研究

为探索适于卷丹百合鳞片扦插育苗的有效方法,对在不同基质上(悬空海绵组10个处理,盆栽组6个处理)培养80d后鳞片的生长进行研究.结果表明:(1)悬空海绵组在海绵筒中加入的粉状活性炭高度越高鳞片生长状况越差,其中活性炭高度为0.2~0.3cm时鳞片的生长指标最优,生根率为86.33%,叶片抽生率为83.33%,生根系数为2.33,增殖系数达2.97,腐烂率仅为3.33%.(2)悬空海绵组与盆栽组在细沙中加入活性炭的量越多鳞片长势越差;基质相同时,前者培养的鳞片生长状况优于后者.采用悬空海绵法培育卷丹百合鳞片,操作简单、鳞片生长好,增殖多,是其鳞片扦插育苗的一种新方法.     

XXXIX.—The Hippoboscidæ (Diptera) recorded from Ceylon

Summary

The most profitable ways of collecting chalcids are discussed, namely by sweeping, suction sampler, beating, pyrethrum spray, rearing, Malaise traps, yellow pan traps, suction traps, pitfall traps and extraction from leaf litter or grass tussocks. Methods of preserving chalcids are also outlined, with particular emphasis on storing all unmounted material dry rather than in alcohol. The techniques of sweeping, card mounting specimens and slide preparation are described in detail.     

裂解温度对聚硅氧烷制备SiOC泡沫陶瓷性能的影响

采用陶瓷先驱体聚硅氧烷为原料,利用先驱体转化法与有机泡沫浸渍法相结合制备SiOC泡沫陶瓷.研究了聚硅氧烷的裂解温度对泡沫陶瓷抗压强度的影响,采用XRD,SEM及EDS对SiOC泡沫陶瓷进行了物相、微观结构及成份分析.结果表明,当裂解温度为1250℃时所获泡沫陶瓷的抗压强度最高,达10.8 MPa.微观结构分析显示,SiOC泡沫陶瓷呈三维网状结构,具有良好的贯通性,气孔率达到80%.